Technological Innovation and Upgrading Revolution in Heavy Truck Charging Station Operations
Technological Innovation and Upgrades
• Charging technology: Megawatt-class supercharging technology is becoming increasingly popular, and the charging power is generally increased to more than 1MW, achieving " 10-minute charging for 200-kilometer range", drastically cutting down the charging time. The fully liquid-cooled supercharging architecture adopts a terminal liquid cooling design, which can operate stably in temperatures ranging from -40℃ to 50℃, and the failure rate is reduced by 70% compared with the air-cooled solution. At the same time, liquid cooling technology extends the lifespan of the equipment and lowers operation and maintenance costs.
• Intelligent operation and maintenance: The AI intelligent dispatching system integrates real-time data of charging piles to optimize vehicle charging routes, minimizing driver waiting time and improving charging station turnover. A digital twin platform enables real-time monitoring of equipment health, and predictive maintenance is performed on equipment, slashing fault repair time from 48 hours to just 4 hours.
Operational Model Innovations
• PV-ESS-Charging Integration: For example, the “supercharging port” built in Tangshan integrates photovoltaic power generation, ESS and high-power charging piles, achieving 12 hours of continuous full-load operation in off-grid state, and reducing the cost per kilowatt-hour by 40% compared with direct purchase from the power grid.
• Commercialization of vehicle-to-grid interaction (V2G): Electric heavy trucks participate in grid peak load regulation via V2G technology, and the arbitrage income can reach CNY 4-5 per kWh for a single charge-discharge cycle. State Grid also launched a "heavy truck peak load regulation subsidy", with an additional subsidy of CNY 0.5 per kWh, to promote the transformation of charging stations from "power load" to "flexible resources".
• Hybrid business model: adopting a self-operated + agent-operated model, such as Teladian's "self-built core hub station + agent-managed logistics companies' private charging piles" in North China to improve equipment utilization. Leadiing operators also realize data monetization by mining charging behavior data and providing battery health reports to automakers.
Layout and Planning Optimization
• Scenario-based layout: On the highway network, heavy-duty truck charging stations are deployed every 50-100 kilometers from the national trunk roads to support long-distance trunk logistics. Battery swap stations are concentrated in short-distance high-frequency transportation scenarios such as ports and mining areas. Charging stations are built in urban logistics hubs, urban distribution centers, and logistics parks to meet the short-distance heavy-duty truck replenishment needs in the city.
• Site selection strategy: Close to national roads, provincial roads or expressway intersections, as well as cargo sources such as industrial parks, ports, and mines. The site should be large enough to provide value-added services such as vehicle washing, catering, and maintenance.
Policy Support and Improvement of Industry Standards
• Policy support: Local governments have increased subsidies and land support for the construction of heavy-duty truck charging stations. State Grid has also introduced relevant subsidy policies, such as “heavy-duty truck peak-shaving subsidy”, to reduce operating costs and promote industry development.
• Improvement of industry standards: Gradual unification of charging interfaces, battery specifications, and battery swap standards for heavy-duty trucks will resolve cross-brand compatibility issues, which will help improve operational efficiency and lower costs.
