Kusukela ngo-2021 kuya ku-2023, amaloli amasha amakhulu asebenza ngogesi, noma lokho okubizwa ngokuthi amaloli amasha amakhulu asebenza ngogesi, athengiswa kakhulu. Ekuqaleni, inani lakhula kakhulu lisuka ku-10,000 laya ku-34,560, laze lafinyelela ku-57,074 ezinyangeni ezingu-10 zokuqala zika-2024. Ingxenye yamaloli amakhulu asebenza ngogesi kuwo wonke amaloli amakhulu athengisiwe, okungukuthi, izinga lokungena kwawo, selifinyelele ku-7.6% kuze kube manje, okubalelwa ukukhula okungaphezu kuka-150% unyaka nonyaka! Kuvame ukucatshangwa ukuthi ekupheleni kuka-2024, ukuthengiswa kwamaloli amasha amakhulu asebenza ngogesi kuzodlula izinkulungwane ezingama-70, nezinga lokungena kuzodlula u-8%.

Isizathu esiyinhloko salolu shintsho? Ukusekelwa kwemigomo kudlala indima ebalulekile njengoba ukuthengwa kusekelwe, kunikeza umvuzo omkhulu emithonjeni emisha yeziqukathi ezinzima zamandla kagesi. Ukwanda kokuthandwa kusikhuthaza ukuba sisheshise ukwakhiwa kweziteshi zokushaja eziningi, kungenjalo isidingo sokushaja seziqukathi ezinzima zamandla kagesi sizodlula kakhulu ukuhlinzekwa.

01 Incazelo yeZiteshi Zokushaja zeZiqukathi Ezinzima

Izikhundla zokushaja amaloli amakhulu ziyizinto zokushaja ezihlinzekela amaloli amakhulu, njengamaloli amakhulu. Indlela yokusebenza yazo ifana nezikhundla zokushaja ezisetshenziselwa ukushaja izimoto ezincane zikagesi. Kodwa-ke, ngoba ibhethri lasekhona ilikhulu kakhulu, njengesisu esikhulu, linawo umkhawulo omkhulu "wokudla", okungukuthi, ugesi, ngakho-ke isikhundla sokushaja amaloli amakhulu kufanele sibe "uHerculese" onamandla amakhulu, ukuze iloli elikhulu likwazi ukushajwa ngokushesha ukuze liqhubeke nomsebenzi walo. Ngokuvamile, amaloli amakhulu ashajwa kusetshenziswa ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC noma i-supercharger, njengobhlokhi yokushaja esheshayo esiyisebenzisayo lapho siphuthuma ukusebenzisa omakhalekhukhwini bethu, ukuze iloli elikhulu likwazi "ukudla" ngokushesha futhi liqhubeke nomsebenzi walo.

Izizathu zokukhula kwemakethe yeziqukathi ezinzima zamandla amasha:

UNyaka ka-2024 ubone ukwanda okukhulu kwamaloli amasha ezimboni zamandla, ngokuthengiswa kwawo kuyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka. Lokhu kungabangelwa ikakhulukazi yinkampani kahulumeni yenqubomgomo yokuxhasa izimoto ezintsha zamandla, okuye kwakhuthaza kakhulu isidingo semakethe. Uhulumeni usebenzise lezi zinyathelo ukuze akhuthaze umphakathi ukuthi usebenzise izimoto ezinganqamuli imvelo. Lesi sikhuthazo siyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nasekuguquleni izindlela zokusebenzisa amandla, ngaleyo ndlela kube negalelo esikhathini esizayo esisimeme. Ngosizo lukahulumeni, abantu bayakulangazelela ukuthenga amaloli amasha ezimboni zamandla, okuyinto eyenza ukuthi athandwe kakhulu.

Ukuphuthuma kokwakhiwa kweziteshi zokushaja:

Njengoba ukuthengiswa kwamaloli amasha asebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo kukhuphuka kakhulu, kunesidingo esiphuthumayo sokusheshisa ukwakhiwa kweziteshi eziningi zokushaja. Izikhundla zokushaja zamaloli amakhulu zifana neziteshi zegesi ezivumela lezi zimoto ezinkulu ukuthi zivuselele amandla azo. Ngaphandle kwenani elanele lezinsiza zokushaja, uhambo olude lwalawa maloli amakhulu lungavinjelwa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokwakha inethiwekhi ebanzi yezikhundla zokushaja, singakwazi ukuthuthukisa kakhulu isifiso somphakathi sokuthenga nokusebenzisa amaloli amasha asebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo.

(1) Inqwaba yokushaja efakwe phansi: Ngenxa yesisindo esikhulu sesishaja, kufanele ibekwe emhlabathini, ngoba izinzile kakhulu futhi ayis Lewandowski ukuthi igumbuqele. Ngenxa yalokho, ilungele ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle, ingahlupheki yimiphumela emibi yezimo zezulu ezimbi.

(2) Inqwaba yokushaja efakwe odongeni: Lokhu kufana nebhokisi elincane elilenga odongeni. Ayithathi isikhala esiningi futhi ilungele ikakhulukazi amagumbi anesikhala esilinganiselwe.

(3) Isiteshi sokushaja esihambayo: Siyaguquguquka kakhulu futhi singasheshiswa njengoba kudingeka futhi sibekwe noma kuphi. Noma ngabe uhlobo luni lendawo yokushaja noma yiziphi izidingo, ingazifeza.

(1) Isiteshi sokushaja esinamandla aphansi: Le ndlela yokushaja ifana nokushaja i-EV kancane. Yize kuthatha isikhathi eside kancane, kulula kakhulu kugridi yamandla futhi ngeke kunikeze igridi "ukushaqeka" ngokungazelelwe. Amaloli amakhulu afana neziphuzo ezinkulu, anezifiso ezahlukene. Abanye baneliseka "ngokudla" kwamandla amakhulu ambalwa, kanti abanye badinga "ukudla okukhulu" kwamandla angu-360 kilowatts.

(2) Isikhundla sokushaja esinamandla aphezulu: Lolu hlobo lokushaja lufana “nokudla okusheshayo" ezimotweni ezinkulu. Sinamandla aphezulu futhi sishaja ngokushesha kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, sidinga namandla amaningi egriidi, njengoba nje kudingeka kusetshenziswe “izitsha” eziphambili. Izimoto ezinkulu nazo zine “ukugaya” okukhulu kakhulu futhi zingagculiseka kuphela “ngokudla” kusuka ku-360kW, kufika ku-1,200kW.

(1) Isikhundla sokushaja se-DC: Lokhu kufana nokuba "ne-transformer enkulu" engakwazi ukuguqula ugesi we-AC ube ugesi we-DC ongasetshenziswa imoto. Kuyashesha kakhulu futhi kunamandla amakhulu afanele kakhulu ukushaja lawo maloli "amakhulu" anzima.

(2) Isikhundla sokushaja se-AC: Lokhu kufana nokuhlomekisa imoto nge-"umsizi omncane" wokuthumela amandla e-AC ekhaya kulo "msizi omncane", bese uyaguqula kancane kancane abe amandla e-DC angasetshenziswa imoto. Yize lokhu kuzoshaja kancane nangamandla amancane, izindleko ziphansi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ngokuvamile ayisetshenziselwa i-"abakhulu" njengeziloli ezinkulu, ngoba zidinga izivinini zokushaja ezisheshayo namandla amakhulu.

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