isiZulu
Uphenyo LwaseYurophu: Ama-EV akhombisa ukuzethemba okukhulu kunezimoto ezisebenzisa umshini wokushisa
Kwadalwa ngo 12.05
Ekuphikisaneni phakathi kwezimoto ze-EV nezimoto zendabuko ezisebenzisa umshini wokushisa (ICE), ukwethembeka kube yinto ebalulekile yokuhlukanisa. Ucwaningo olusha oluvela kwiGerman Automobile Club (ADAC), umhlinzeki omkhulu wezinsizakalo zokusekela ezindleleni eYurophu, luveza ukuthi ama-EV athola kahle kakhulu ama-ICE ezimotweni ekwethembekeni.
Indlela Yokwenza Nezithombe Eziyinhloko
Abahlaziyi be-ADAC baphathe ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3.6 zokuphuka kwemoto dethe eminyakeni edlule, bagcina amarekhodi anembile ngazo zonke izigameko. Ukuhlaziywa kwabo okusekelwe kudatha kuveza ukuthi ama-EV akhombisa izinga eliphansi lokwehluleka uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto ze-ICE. Ngo-2024, i-ADAC iqinisekisile okokuqala—ngokuzethemba okuqinile kwezibalo—ukuthi ukwethembeka kwe-EV kudlula lokho kwezimoto ezijwayelekile, umkhuba oqiniswa ngonyaka owengeziwe wedatha.
Ngesikhathi inani eliphelele lezicelo zokuhlenga ama-EV lifinyelele phezulu kakhulu, lezi zicelo zenze kuphela u-1.2% wezingozi eziphelele (izimo eziyi-43,678). Kuma-vehicular aqala ukubhaliswa phakathi kuka-2020 no-2022, ama-EV abike amaphutha angu-4.2 ngama-1,000 ama-vehicular, uma kuqhathaniswa namaphutha angu-10.4 ngama-1,000 kuma-ICE vehicles (Handelsblatt).
Izindlela Ezivamile Zokwehluleka
Kwavela into ethokozisayo: ibhethri le-12-volt liyisithiyo esivamile kakhulu kumamodeli womabili ezimoto. Liholele ekuphukeni kwe-EV ngama-50% kanye nokwehluleka kwe-ICE ngama-45%. Kuwo wonke amanye amakhathalogi—izinhlelo zikagesi, ukuphathwa kwemoto, nokukhanya—izimoto ze-ICE zibe nezinga lokwehluleka elifanayo noma eliphezulu kune-EVs.
Ngokuhlonipha, ama-EV abhekana nezinkinga eziningi ezihlobene nezinsiza (1.3 ukusiza okuhlobene nezinsiza ngama-1,000 izingcingo uma kuqhathaniswa no-0.9 kwezimoto ze-ICE). Nokho, le ngxenye ibonakala incipha kumamodeli amasha e-EV, iphakamisa ukuthuthukiswa kokwakhiwa.
Izici Ezinzuzo Zokwakha Zezimoto Zogesi
Ama-EV anenzuzo ngokwemvelo ngenxa yokusebenza okulula. Ngaphandle kwezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhambisa amandla—njengohlelo lwamafutha, ukudluliswa, kanye nemishini enezinhlangothi eziningi—anama-parts ambalwa ahambayo aphazamiseka kalula. Le ngxenye ebalulekile yokwakhiwa yehlisa amathuba okuphuka kwemishini, okuyisici esibalulekile ekuthembekeni kwawo.
Izithiyo kanye Nezibonelelo Zesikhathi Eside
ADAC uyavuma ukuthi kukhona ithuba lokuthuthukisa: ama-EV ahlanzekile asengumkhakha omusha, futhi idatha yesikhathi eside (isb., ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10 yokusetshenziswa) iyancipha. Nokho, izitayela zamanje zikhanga: ukwethembeka kwe-EV kuyasheshisa, ngisho nangaphambi kokucabangela izinzuzo zazo zemvelo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bebhathri nezinqubo zokukhiqiza zishintsha, ama-EV azoba nethuba lokuba hhayi nje aluhlaza kodwa futhi abe nokwethembeka okungcono kunalokho okukhona kwe-ICE.
Isiphetho
Ucwaningo lwe-ADAC luphakamisa ubufakazi obukhulayo bokuthi ama-EV ayasusa ukukhathazeka kokuthembeka okwakukhona ngaphambili. Ngezakhiwo ezilula, izidingo zok maintenance ezincane, kanye nezinguquko zobuchwepheshe ezisheshayo, baphikisa indaba yokuthi izimoto ze-ICE zithembekile kakhulu. Kubathengi abawubeka phambili ubude besikhathi kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokuba nezezimoto, ama-EV manje anikeza icala elikhangayo—kokubili ekugcineni nasekuthuthukiseni kwemishini.
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