Kwadalwa ngo 04.09

I-Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP): Ulimi Olujwayelekile Olunika Amandla Inethiwekhi Yakho

Ake sibe sezethembekile. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ukuthenga ihadiwe ye-EV charging kwakuyisicupho. Ubuyeke ibhokisi, futhi uboshwe kusofthiwe yomkhiqizi lowo kuphela impilo yakho yonke. Uma uhlelo lwabo lokusebenza lwaluneziphazamiso, noma banquma ukuphinda kabili izimali zenethiwekhi yabo? Inhlanhla embi. Ububoshwe.

Namuhla, uma wakha isiteshi sokushaja i-hyundai commercial seqembu elisha lama-IONIQ eLondon noma eBangkok, awukwazi ukubekezelela isimo esinjengaleso sokubanjwa ngekhompyutha. Udinga ukulawula okuphelele ibhizinisi lakho.

Umprofessionali ophatha isiteshi sokushaja se-hyundai esinokuhlanganiswa kwe-OCPP, eqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwesofthiwe okungaphazamiseki nokushaja okuthembekile kwezimoto zikagesi.

Yilapho Maruikel ingena khona. Asakhi izingadi ezivalekile. Sakha zonke izingxenye zehadiwe yethu ngokusekelwe ku-Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP). Kuyisihumushi esijwayelekile sezwe le-EV. Ngokusebenza njengobudlelwano phakathi kwe-charger ebonakalayo ne-cloud, i-OCPP iqinisekisa ukuthi ingqalasizinda yakho ikusebenzela, hhayi okunye.

Amaphuzu Abalulekile Okusheshayo

OCPP iyinhlangano yokuxhumana yomphakathi, engena emthethweni, eyenziwe yi-Open Charge Alliance (OCA), eyenzelwe ukuvimbela ukuvalelwa kwezinsiza zokusebenza.
Ukubhaka isiteshi sokushaja se-hyundai nge-Marikel hardware kuqinisekisa ukuthi ungadlala kahle nanoma iyiphi inethiwekhi yesoftware enkulu.
Le protokholi iphethe umsebenzi omkhulu wezici ezithuthukile ezifana nokulinganisa yük okuhlakaniphile.
Ukugcina izindinganiso zomhlaba wonke kwehlisa kakhulu izindleko zakho zokugcina ezide.

Amanethiwekhi Avaliwe vs. I-OCPP Evulekile: Iqiniso Elinzima

Ufuna ukwazi ukuthi kungani i-OCPP iyisithiyo esingenakugwenywa? Vele ubheke iqiniso lezimali lokuqhuba inethiwekhi evaliwe uma kuqhathaniswa nenye evulekile:

Iqiniso	Amanethiwekhi Angokwakho (Avalelwe)	I-Maruikel Hardware (Iyahambisana ne-OCPP)
Ukukhetha isoftware	Uboshiwe kuhlelo lokusebenza oluqondile lomkhiqizi.	Inkululeko ephelele yokushintsha abahlinzeki be-backend nganoma yisiphi isikhathi osithandayo.
Ukuhlanganisa i-Hardware	Uphoqelekile ukuthenga zonke ishaja kusuka kumkhiqizi ofanayo.	Hlanganisa futhi uvumelanise ihadiywe evela kubathengisi abahlukene kalula.
Ukuvikela Ikusasa	Uma inkampani yehadiywe yeka ukusebenza, ishaja yakho iyisithuthu.	Imvelo yomthombo ovulekile iqinisekisa ukusebenza isikhathi eside.
Ukulawula Amanani	Uginya noma yiziphi izimali zenyanga abazibeka.	Uvumelana ngamanani angcono kakhulu esoftware emakethe evulekile.

Inkathi ye-"Walled Garden" Ifile

Lapho izimakethe ze-EV eYurophu nase-Asia ziqala ukuqhuma, kwaba yinto encane yesiyaluyalu. Abaqhubi abaningi baphonsa imishini emhlabathini eyenqaba ukuxhumana nanoma yini enye. Cabanga uthenga i-smartphone exhuma kuphela kuhlobo olulodwa oluthile lwe-Wi-Fi router. Leyo kwakuyimboni ye-EV.

Uma inkampani yezokuthutha yayifuna ukuthuthukisa indawo yayo, yayivame ukukhipha imishini yayo endala ebiza kakhulu futhi iqale kusukela ekuqaleni.

Ochwepheshe bemboni basho ngokushesha ukuthi lokhu akukwazi ukubekezeleka. Ucwaningo oluhlakaniphile ku-International Journal of Scientific Research & Managementkuqinisekisile iphuzu esilaziyo iminyaka: ukwamukela ukuxhumana okujwayelekile kuyindlela eyodwa yangempela yokwenza ingqalasizinda yomhlaba wonke ye-EV inzuzo futhi ithembeke.

Izindaba zemboni ezivela ezinsukwini zokuqala eYurophu zigcwele izindaba ezimbi: abaqhubi abatshale izigidi kuhadiwe eyakhe yaba nenkampani eyodwa bathola bephoqeleka ukuthi bakhokhe imali enkulu yesoftware eminyakeni ezayo, noma okubi kakhulu, kwadingeka bakhuphe futhi balahle wonke amanethiwekhi lapho umhlinzeki wabo wehadiwe eyeka ukusebenza. Kwaba yisifundo esibizayo kuyo yonke imakethe.

Ngakho-ke, Yini Ngempela i-OCPP?

Cabanga nge-OCPP njengendlela efanayo ne-USB, kodwa yamandla kagesi aphezulu. Yisethi yemigomo evulekile etshela isiteshi sokushaja ngokomzimba ukuthi singakhuluma kanjani kahle nesofthiwe yamafu emaphakathi.

Lapho ubopha i-Maruikel iyunithi emhlabeni, i-OCPP yenza yonke imisebenzi engabonakali. Ivumela ikhadi le-RFID lomshayeli, ibala ama-kilowatt aqondile akhishiwe, ithumela amakhodi amaphutha ngemizuzwana, futhi iphathe idatha yokukhokhiswa. Okuhle kunakho konke? Yenza lokhu ngenkathi ikhuluma kahle nanoma iyiphi isofthiwe yokuphatha yenhlangano yesithathu oyifunayo ukusebenzisa ibhizinisi lakho.

Indlela Esisebenzisa Ngayo i-OCPP

Asiyibheki i-OCPP njengento eyengeziwe. Ingxenye yethu. Ukuxhumana kwe-400V okuyisigaba esithathu kunamandla amakhulu, futhi i-OCPP iyenza ihlakaniphe.

Ukunciphisa Izindleko Zokusebenza

Ake sithi usebenzisa isiteshi sokushaja umphakathi i-hyundai endaweni yezitolo enabantu abaningi e-Munich. Isixhumi siyayeka ukusebenza. Emasikweni amadala, ubuyekeza iloli bese ukhokha uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe amakhulu ama-Euro ukuze nje ayibheke.

Ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-OCPP yangempela, leso sixhumanisi esiphukile ngokushesha sithumela ikhodi yokuxilonga kukhonsoli yakho. Ubona inkinga, uqala kabusha isiteshi ukude, futhi usule iphutha. Inkinga ixazululiwe, ngaphandle kokuba noma ubani aphume ehhovisi. Lolu hlobo lokuphatha ukude lunciphisa i-OPEX yakho.

Umgqa wezinsiza ezihlangene esiteshini sokushaja se-hyundai esitholakala ngaphansi kwesigcawu, ukhombisa ukujula nokusebenza kahle kwesakhiwo senethiwekhi evulekile kubaphathi.

Umlingo Wokushaja Okuhlakaniphile

I-OCPP yiyona eyenza "ukushaja okuhlakaniphile" kube ngempela okuhlakaniphile. Ngoba ihadiwe yethu ikhuluma negridi yendawo, iyazivumelanisa nayo.

Ukulinganisa Okunamandla Komthwalo: Uma isakhiwo sakho sehhovisi sifika ekusebenziseni amandla aphezulu ngo-2 PM, ishaja ithola isignali yokwehlisa amandla ayo kusuka ku-22kW kuya ku-11kW. Izimoto zisashaja, kodwa isiphazamisi sakho esikhulu asisoze saphuma.
Ukuhlela Ngaphandle Kwesikhathi Esiphakeme: Abaphathi bezimoto bangakwazi ukuhlela kalula izikhathi zokushaja eziningi ngqo lapho izindleko zikagesi zendawo ziba phansi kakhulu ebusuku.

Isinyathelo Esilandelayo: Ukudlulisela Amandla Emva (V2G)

Lapha yilapho ubuchwepheshe buvuleleka khona kakhulu. Sishintshela engqondweni lapho i-EV yakho ingasafuni nje amandla; iyawadlulisa emuva.

Eziqhawini zaseYurophu ezibhekana nokushintshashintsha okungalindeleki kwamandla elanga nawomoya, izimoto ezihlalayo zingasebenza njengezibhethri ezinkulu, ezihambayo. Zikhipha amandla emuva egidini ukuze kuvinjelwe ukucinywa kukagesi kusihlwa, bese zishaja kabusha ngentengo ephansi ngo-3 AM. Ufuna imishini enzulu yobuchwepheshe? Ithimba elise-Intellias linokuhlukana okuhle kakhulu kuUkushaja Okuhlakaniphile kanye ne-Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G).

Ngokusekela lezi zivumelwano ezithuthukisiwe ngaphandle kwebhokisi, uMaruikel uqinisekisa ukuthi ulungele ukwenza imali nge-V2G ngomzuzwana lapho imithetho yendawo iyinika ukukhanya okuluhlaza.

Yikuphi Okudingayo Ngempela?

Uma uthenga ihadiwe namuhla, izinombolo zenguqulo ziyabaluleka.

I-OCPP 1.6J: Inqola Yomsebenzi Embonini

Lokhu kuyindinganiso esetshenziswa kakhulu eYurophu nase-Asia njengamanje. Isebenzisa i-JSON phezu kwe-WebSockets—okusho ukuthi iyashesha, ayisindi, futhi izinzile kakhulu. Iphatha kalula konke okudingwa isiza esesimanje sokuhweba, okuhlanganisa namaphrofayela okushaja ahlakaniphile kanye nokuxilonga okukude.

I-OCPP 2.0.1: Inamandla Kakhulu

Lokhu kuyikusasa. Kuletha ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu kwezokuphepha kwe-cyber ukuvikela idatha yokukhokha. Okubaluleke kakhulu, kuletha ukwesekwa kwendabuko kwe-ISO 15118 (i-Plug & Charge). Umshayeli umane nje axhume, futhi ishaja iphathe ukugunyazwa nokukhokha ngokuzenzakalelayo. Azikho izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidingekayo.

E-Marikel, sakha izinsiza zethu ukuze zisekele lezi zinhlelo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, zivikeleke ekutshalweni kwakho kwemali eminyakeni ezayo yokwakhiwa kwe-EV.

Umshayeli we-EV esebenzisa isiteshi sokushaja se-smart hyundai ngenkanyezi, ekhombisa ukulinganisa okuhle kokulayisha nokungena okungaphazamiseki okuqhutshwa yizivumelwano zokushaja zesimanje.

Isiphetho: Khetha Inkululeko, Khetha Ikusasa

Ukubhaka inethiwekhi yokushaja enenzuzo kusho ukuthatha ukulawula kusukela ngosuku lokuqala. Ukukhetha i-Marikel akukhona nje kuphela ukuthenga izinsiza ezithembekile ezineziqinisekiso ze-CE ne-TUV; kukhuluma ngokukhetha imodeli yebhizinisi evulekile. Unamalungelo ezinsiza. Ukhetha isofthiwe. Ulawula inzuzo yakho. Lokhu kuyinto okufanele ibonakale kuyo inethiwekhi yokushaja yesimanje.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yini i-OCPP futhi ngiyidinga ngani empeleni?

Kuyi-Open Charge Point Protocol. Uyidinga ngoba ivumela ihadiywe yakho yokushaja ukuthi ikhulume nanoma iyiphi inethiwekhi yesoftware. Ngaphandle kwayo, uboshwe usebenzisa uhlelo lwangemuva lomkhiqizi (oluvame ukubiza kakhulu) kuze kube phakade.

Ngingasebenzisa ishaja ye-Maruikel ukusetha isiteshi sokushaja se-Hyundai?

Impela. Amashaja ethu asebenzisa izixhumi ezijwayelekile ze-Type 2 ne-CCS2 ezidingekayo eYurophu nase-Asia. Ngoba asebenza ku-OCPP, azoshaja noma iyiphi i-EV yesimanje—kufaka phakathi lonke uhlu lwe-Hyundai IONIQ—ngethuba evumelanisa ngokuphelele nanoma iyiphi isoftware yokuphatha oyikhethayo.

Idatha yami yokukhokhiswa ivikelekile lapho ngisebenzisa amaphrothokholi avulekile?

Yebo. Izinguqulo zesimanje njenge-OCPP 1.6J kanye ne-2.0.1 zisebenzisa i-encryption eqinile kanye noxhumano lwe-WebSocket oluphephile. Imininingwane yakho yokukhokha, amaphrofayela omsebenzisi, kanye nedatha yenethiwekhi kuvikelwe kakhulu ekugxambukeleni.

Yikuphi umehluko wangempela phakathi kwe-OCPP 1.6 kanye ne-2.0.1?

Nakuba i-1.6 iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu ekushajeni okuhlakaniphile namuhla, i-2.0.1 yethula izinyathelo zokuphepha kwe-cybersecurity eziqinile kakhulu, ukuphathwa okungcono kwamadivayisi akude, nokusekelwa okuzenzakalelayo kobuchwepheshe be-Plug & Charge (ISO 15118).

Kufanele ngikhokhe imali yelayisensi ukuze ngisebenzise i-OCPP?

Cha. Kuyi-protocol evulekile ngokuphelele ephathwa yi-Open Charge Alliance. Ukhokhela ihadiwe ebonakalayo kanye nesofthiwe yakho oyikhethile, kodwa i-protocol ngokwayo imahhala futhi iyasebenza yonke indawo.

Kuthiwani uma ishaja yami ye-OCPP isekela isici, kodwa umhlinzeki wenethiwekhi yami engakwenzi?

Kuyinto le kanye le le eyenza i-OCPP ikunikeze amandla. Kuhlelo oluvuthiwe lwe-OCPP, izinto eziningi eziyisisekelo (njengokushaja okuhlakaniphile nokuhlola okukude) ziyefana. Ngaphambi kokusayina noma yisiphi isivumelwano sesoftware, unelungelo lokufuna isikhathi sokuhlola noma uhlu oluningiliziwe lwezici. Leyo yindlela i-OCPP ekunikeza ngayo inkululeko.

Izindaba Ezihlobene