Ngaphandle kokuba izwe elikhiqiza uphethiloli omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni, lapho amanani kaphethiloli endawo eshibhile kakhulu, iSaudi Arabia ingene emakethe yezimoto zikagesi (EV) eminyakeni yamuva nje. Izwe litshale imali kakhulu ukusungula uchungechunge lwezimboni olunzulu, okubonisa ushintsho lwesimiso ekugxileni kwalo kwezomnotho.

Lolu hlelo luhanjiswa yizinhloso eziningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, luhambisana nomzamo wokuthuthukisa umnotho nezokuhlalisana kwabantu ngendlela esimeme, okuhloswe ngayo ukwehlukanisa umnotho wawo kokuphila kakhulu emafutheni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyisinyathelo esifanele ukusebenzisa amathuba amakhulu anikezwa yimboni yezimoto zikagesi ezibiza izigidi zezigidi zamadola.

Njengoba imboni yezimoto emhlabeni wonke isheshisa ukuguqukela ezimotweni zikagesi, iSaudi Arabia iyakwazi ngamandla aleli threndi. Ngokukhulisa ukuhlelwa kwamasu ayo emkhakheni wezimoto zikagesi, izwe lithemba ukuthi lizoba ngumdlali ovelele emakethe yomhlaba wonke yezokuhamba eziluhlaza namandla ahlanzekile.

Ngokwesistrategi ethi "Vision 2030", iSaudi Arabia iyayisebenzisa izigidigidi zamadola ukwakha ingqalasizinda, ukukhuthaza ucwaningo nentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, nokukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwezinto zasendaweni kwezinto ezidingekayo ezihlobene ne-tram. Uhulumeni waseSaudi uhlela ukwenza izimoto ezingama-30% eziseNhlokodolobha iRiyadh zisebenzise ugesi ngo-2030, futhi azimisele ukwakha uhlelo oluphelele lwezimoto zikagesi.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu ekuhleleni uchungechunge lwezimboni

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iSaudi Arabia yenze izinyathelo eziningi futhi yafaka imali enkulu kuchungechunge lonke lwezimboni kusukela ezintweni ezibonakalayo kuya ekwenziweni kwezimoto.

UHeiko Seitz, umphathi webhizinisi lezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni wonke kanye neMiddle East e-PwC, uphawule ukuthi iSaudi Arabia yakha uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwezimoto oluzimele ukuze luqinise isikhundla sayo embonini yezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni.

I-Saudi sovereign wealth fund-Public Investment Fund (PIF) iyona ehamba phambili ngokuba nesabelo esikhulu kwiLucid Motors, inkampani yamatekisi ebhaliswe e-US, futhi iyitshale cishe izigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-8 zamadola aseMelika kusukela ngo-2018 kuya ku-Agasti 2024. Ngo-2023, iLucid Group yasungula ifektri yokukhiqiza eKing Abdullah Economic City (KAEC) eSaudi Arabia, enomthamo wokukhiqiza wamatekisi angu-155,000 ngonyaka.

Ngo-2022, i-PIF neFoxconn basungula iCeer Motors, uhlobo lokuqala lwamatekisi endawo eSaudi Arabia, okulindeleke ukuthi ludale imisebenzi engu-30,000 ngo-2034 futhi lunikele cishe ngezinkulungwane eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-8 zamadola ku-GDP. Amatekisi ayo okuqala kulindeleke ukuthi abhaliswe ngo-2026.

USitz uthe iSaudi Arabia iphinde isebenzise izinsiza-mali zayo ezicebile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlinzekwa kwezinto ezidingekayo ezintweni ezibalulekile.

Ngo-2021, iKomidi leNkosi leJubail neYanbu (RCJY) laseSaudi Arabia lakha isikhungo samakhemikhali ebhethri eYanbu Industrial City ngezinyathelo, okubandakanya imboni yamachemikhali elithiyamu, imboni yamachemikhali i-nickel, kanye nemboni yezinto ezisebenzayo ze-cathode.

Ngo-2023, iMa‘aden yathenga u-9.9% we-Ivanhoe Electric ngamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-126, yase isungula ibhizinisi elihlangene ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwemithombo yamaminerali yaseSaudi, okubalwa kuyo ithusi, inikel, igolide, isiliva nezinye izimbiwa ezibalulekile.

Ukufeza ingqalasizinda nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni

Ekudumeni kwezimoto zikagesi, uhulumeni waseSaudi ubambisana nezinkampani ezizimele ukusungula inethiwekhi yokushaja ezweni lonke. UMazin Jameel, umqondisi wokusebenza kwezimakethe kwa-Abdul Latif Jameel Motors, uthe iSaudi Arabia isungula imodeli yokubambisana phakathi kukahulumeni nezinkampani ezihamba phambili ezobuchwepheshe, isheshisa ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda yokushaja, futhi ikhuthaza amaphrojekthi amandla avuselelekayo, njengamandla elanga namandla omoya, ukuhlinzeka ngamandla ahlanzekile ukushaja izimoto zikagesi.

Kubikwa ukuthi iSaudi Arabia ihlela ukufaka izikhundla zokushaja ezisheshayo ezingu-5,000 ngo-2030. UJameel uphinde wathi uhulumeni waseSaudi uphinde wethula uchungechunge lwezikhuthazo zezimali nokusekelwa kwezinqubomgomo ukusheshisa ukukhuthazwa kwamaloli. Ekuqaleni konyaka, iSaudi Arabia yethula "uhlelo lwezikhuthazo ezijwayelekile" olubiza izigidi zezinkulungwane ezingu-10 (cishe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-2.666 billion), ihlinzeka ngemali yokuqala efika ku-35% kumaphrojekthi ezimboni njengokukhiqiza izimoto nezingxenye.

Ngasikhathi sinye, iSaudi Arabia yethula ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) nobuchwepheshe bokuzenzela embonini yezimoto ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo yokukhiqiza, kuthuthukiswe ingqalasizinda yedijithali ehlobene nokuhamba okuhlakaniphile, futhi kusebenze ubuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile ngokubanzi ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kokukhiqizwa kwamaloli.

I-Saudi Arabia iguquka kusuka emnothweni kawoyela wendabuko iye embonini yamandla amasha nomnotho ohlukahlukene. Ngokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu, ukubambisana kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokusekelwa kwezinqubomgomo, iSaudi Arabia kulindeleke ukuthi ibe ngumhlanganyeli obalulekile emakethe yamaloli yomhlaba.