isiZulu
Izilinganiso ze-IP ne-IK zisho ukuthini kumshini wakho wokushaja i-EV?
Kwadalwa ngo 12.24
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uma uthenga i-Umshaja we-EV, kulula ukujolisa ekusheshiseni kokushaja nasezici ezihlakaniphile. Kodwa ngifunde ngokuhlangenwe nakho ukuthi izincazelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ngokuvamile ziwukuthi ezibukeka zikhanya kakhulu: izilinganiso ze-IP ne-IK. Cabanga ngalezi njengokuthi "isivikelo sezulu" se-charger yakho kanye "nezingubo zayo."
Ngezinsiza ezizokhanyisa ngaphandle kwegaraji yakho efudumele, lezi zilinganiso azivumelani. Zikutshela kahle ukuthi le divayisi inamandla kangakanani nokuthi ingaphila iminyaka eminingi imvula, uthuli, kanye nokushayisana okungafaneleko ngebhaskethi elingalindelekile.
Ake sihlukanise le misho ye-technical alphabet soup ibe isiNgisi esilula, ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha umshumeki we-ev wesigaba esingama-2 ongconongendawo ophila kuyo.
Izifundo Eziyinhloko
- IP Rating = Isivikelo Esivikelekile: Lokhu kukutshela ukuthi umshaja uvikelwe kahle kangakanani emdustini nasemanzini. Izibalo eziphezulu zinhle kakhulu.
- IK Rating = Armor Class: Lokhu kukutshela ukuthi ingakanani umthelela womzimba ongawuthola umgibeli ngaphandle kokuphuka.
- Kungani Kubalulekile: Ukulinganiselwa okuhle kusho ukuthi umshayeli wakho uzophila ezimweni zezulu ezimbi nasekuthintaneni okungafanele, kukusindisa ekubuyiseni okukhulu.
- Ngokufakwa ngaphandle, lezi zilinganiso zibaluleke kakhulu kunezinye zonke izici.
Kungani Kufanele Uqaphele Lezi Zibalo Ezidabukisayo
Ngiyakuqonda, akekho ophokopheleka ngezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe. Kodwa nansi indlela okufanele uyinakekele. Umthombo onokuhlola okuphansi kwe-IP ofakwe emgwaqweni wakho uyisikhumbuzo esiqhubekayo. Imvula enkulu yokuqala ingavumela amanzi ukuthi angene, okuholela ekufakweni kwekhefu okungalimaza umthombo, noma okubi kakhulu, imoto yakho.
I-Rating ye-IK eqinile ibalulekile njengokubaluleka. Igaraji yakho kanye nomgwaqo wokungena yizindawo ezinamathafa aphezulu. Umshado ungashaywa ngamadolo ezimoto, ushaye ngezinsiza zokulima, noma usebenze njengemva kwebhodi ngabantwana bakho. I-casing yeplastiki engazinzile izophuka, futhi i-casing ephukile ayisakwazi ukuvimbela amanzi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-IP rating ithi ini.
Ngamafuphi, lezi zilinganiso ziwumlingani omuhle kakhulu wesikhathi sokuphila sangempela se-charger yakho.
IP vs. IK: Kuchazwa Ngendlela Elula
Ake sikwenzise lokhu kube lula.
IP Rating: I-Shield Yesimo
I-IP (Ingress Protection) rating inezinombolo ezimbili.
- Inombolo yokuqala (0-6) iyokuphepha uthuli. Ukuze uthole umshwalense, kufanele ubone kuphela i-6, okusho ukuthi iphephile ngokuphelele uthuli.
- Inombolo yesibili (ivamise ukuba ngu-0-8, ifinyelela ku-9K ezimweni ezikhethekile) imele izinga lokungangeni kwamanzi. Kuma-charger ezimoto zikagesi, sigxila kakhulu ezingeni ezivamile ezilandelayo:
- IP55: Izinga lokuvikela uthuli liyamukeleka (aluvikeli ngokuphelele uthuli, kodwa alukwazi ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kwemishini), futhi lungavikela emanzini aphansi avela kuzo zonke izindlela. Lufaneleke ezindaweni zangaphandle ezivikelwe.
- IP65:Ingakwazi ukumelana nokuphonswa kwamanzi, njengamanzi avela emgibeni. Ifanele izindawo eziningi zangaphandle.
- IP66: Ingakwazi ukumelana nezikhukhula zamanzi eziqinile. Lokhu kuyikhethwa kokuqala uma kuziwa ezindaweni ezithinteka imvula enkulu.
- IP67: Ingakwazi ukufakwa emanzini isikhathi esifushane. Lokhu kuhle ezindaweni ezivame ukuhlanganisa amanzi noma ukuwa kwamanzi okwesikhashana.
IK Rating: I-Armor
I-IK rating ikutshela ukuthi ingakanani amandla okuphuma (okulinganiswa ngama-joules) umzimba we-charger ongawumelana nawo. Iqala ku-IK00 (akukho ukuvikelwa) kuya ku-IK10 (ingaphila ukwehla kwesisindo esingu-5kg ukusuka ku-40cm). Nge-charger esendaweni ephazamisekile, ngibheka i-IK08 noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingakwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kokuphuka kwezinye iziphazamiso ezincane.
Ngokujulile ekubhekeni izindinganiso ezisemthethweni, le nsiza kuizilinganiso zokuvikela ezikhumulweni zokushajakuhle.
Izilinganiso Zokuvikela: Umhlahlandlela Osheshayo
Ukuze sikusize ukhethe ngokucacile, nansi ithebula lokubhekisela elisheshayo lezi zilinganiso ezibalulekile ze-IP, IK, kanye ne-NEMA.
IP Ratings (Ingress Protection for Dust & Water)
Ukwahlulela | Ikhono Lokuvikela | Isimo Sokufaka Esinconyiwe |
IP54 | Ivikelwe uthuli; iyamelana nezikhukhula zamanzi ezivela kuzo zonke izindawo. | Igaraji zangaphakathi ezihlanzekile, ezomile. |
IP55 | Ivulekile kumoya; ivikela emanzini aphansi angaphansi kokucindezela ukusuka kuzo zonke izindlela. | Izindawo ezivikelwe zangaphandle, ezifana nezindawo zokupaka izimoto. |
IP65 | I-fully dust-tight; i-resistant to water jets (isb. , ukusuka ku-hose). | Izindawo eziningi ezijwayelekile zangaphandle. |
IP66 | I-100% ivikelekile kumphunga; ivikela emanzini anamandla. | Izindlela ezivulekile; zingabhekana nezikhukhula ezinzima noma ukuwashwa ngengcindezi. |
IP67 | Ithuluzi eliphelele lokuvikela uthuli; lingagcinwa ngaphansi kwamanzi okwesikhashana. | Izindawo ezilungele ukuwa kwamanzi noma ukuwa kwamanzi okwesikhashana. |
IK Ratings (Impact Protection)
Ukulinganisa | Ikhono Lokuvikela | Isimo Sokufaka Esinconyiwe |
IK07 | Ingakwazi ukumelana nomthelela ophakathi (into engu-0.5 kg ewela ukusuka ku-20 cm). | Izindawo ezijwayelekile zangaphakathi noma izindawo ezinomthelela ophansi wokuphazamiseka. |
IK08 | Ithola ukuvikelwa okuhle kokuphazamiseka (into engu-1.7 kg yehliswe ukusuka ku-29.5 cm). | Amagaraji asekhaya, izindlela zokungena, noma izindawo lapho ukushayisana okungafuneki okuvela emnyango wemoto noma amathuluzi kungenzeka. |
IK10 | Ihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuhle kokuphazamiseka (into engama-5 kg ewela kusuka ku-40 cm). | Izindawo zokupaka zomphakathi, izindawo zokuhweba, noma izindawo zezimboni ezinezithuthi eziningi. |
NEMA Ratings (North American Standard)
Ukulinganisa | Ikhono Lokuvikela | Isizinda Esiphakanyisiwe Sokufaka |
NEMA 3 | Ivikeleka emvula, umswakama, kanye nothuli oluphuma emoyeni; ifaneleka kokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle okujwayelekile. | Izindawo ezijwayelekile zangaphandle. |
NEMA 4 | Kufana ne-NEMA 3, kodwa futhi ivikela emanzini aqondiswe ngentambo. | Ukufakwa kwangaphandle/kwendlela. Kufaniswa kahle ne-IP66 futhi kuyinketho eqinile yokuphila isikhathi eside. |
Indlela Yokufaka Lokhu Ngesikhathi Uthenga
Kulungile, ithiyori isiphelile. Nansi indlela yokusebenzisa le mfundiso.
- Ukufakwa KweGaraji: Uma umshaja wakho uzobe uphephile ngaphakathi kwegaraji eyomile, ehlanzekile, ungasebenzisa isilinganiso esiphansi njenge-IP54. Kusengaphansi kokuvikelwa, kodwa awudingi ukukhokha ukuze uthole isikhwama esingaphansi kwamanzi.
- Ukufakwa Kwangaphandle/Emgwaqweni: Lapha udinga ukuba nekhono. Ngizobheka kuphela ama-charger anemigomo ye-IP66 noma ngaphezulu kanye ne-IK08 eqinile. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi kungabhekana nanoma yini kusuka kumshini wokucwecwa kwamanzi kuya emsebenzini ophukile wokupaka.
- Bheka iPhakheji Ephelele: Ukuhlola okuhle kufanele kusebenze kuyo yonke iyunithi, kuhlanganise nendawo lapho ikhebula lingena khona emzimbeni kanye ne-j1772 connector uqobo. Ibhokisi eliqinile alinasidingo uma indawo yokungena kwekhebula iyisixhumi esiphukile.
NEMA vs. IP: I-Nothi Elisheshayo Ngempela eNyakatho Melika
Uzobona futhi "NEMA" izilinganiso, njenge NEMA 3 noma NEMA 4. Lokhu kuyisistimu yaseMelika.
- NEMA 3: Kulungile kokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle okujwayelekile, kuvikela emanzini nasezikhukhuleni.
- NEMA 4: Ukuphakama, ivikela emanzini aqondiswe ngoshokoledi. Cabanga ngayo njengokulingana kwe-IP66.
Umthetho wami wokucabanga nge-US: Bheka i-NEMA 4 rating. Kuyinketho enhle yonke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina ngaphandle.
Isiphetho: Thenga ukuze Uthuthukise Imvelo Yakho, hhayi nje Imoto Yakho
Kulula ukujola nge-charger enohlelo oluhle noma inombolo ephezulu ye-amperage. Kodwa uma leyo charger ingakhiwe ukuze ihlale endaweni ethile lapho uhlela ukuyifaka khona, akukho okunye kulezo zici okubalulekile.
Isixhumanisi sami sokugcina silula: qala ukufuna ngokuhlunga i-IP, i-IK, noma i-NEMA rating ehambisana nendawo yakho yokufaka. Uma usunohlu lwama-charger aqinile ngokwanele emsebenzini, khona-ke ungakwazi ukuqala ukuqhathanisa izikhathi, amanani, nezici ezihlakaniphile. I-charger eqinile, efakwe kahle ayisiyona nje imikhiqizo engcono; iyisixazululo sokuthula, njalo uma uxhuma.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ngamafuphi, yini umehluko phakathi kwe-IP ne-IK ratings?
IP ratings measure how well a charger is sealed against dust and water (think "weatherproofing"). IK ratings measure how well it can withstand physical impacts (think "armor").
Iyini i-IP rating enhle yokushaja ngaphandle?
Ngiyakuncoma ukuthi ubheke i-IP66 noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi umshanelo uvikelekile emdustini futhi ungabekezelela imijakazo enamandla yamanzi, njengokuna okukhulu noma ukuhluza ngoshokoledi.
Iphi indlela yokuhlola izilinganiso ze-NEMA uma ziqhathaniswa nezilinganiso ze-IP?
NEMA iyisilinganiso saseNyakatho Melika. Ukuze usebenze ngaphandle, ukuhlinzekwa kwe-NEMA 4 kuyisilinganiso esihle, kunikeza ukuvikelwa okufana kakhulu nesilinganiso se-IP66.
Kungani ukubalwa kwe-IK kubalulekile kumshanelo wasekhaya?
Ngoba ama-garage kanye nezindlela zokushayela yizindawo ezisebenzayo. I-IK rating enhle (efana ne-IK08 noma ngaphezulu) kusho ukuthi umkhono we-charger ngeke uphuke uma uthintwa ngephutha ngumdoni wemoto, ibhayisikili, noma ithuluzi, okugcina ivikela ama-electronics angaphakathi.
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